Marine turbine.



H. T. HERB.

MARINE TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 23, 1910.

l mfififign Patented Mar. 30, 1915.

INVENTOR.

BY WQW HIS ATTORNEY IN FACT.-

WITNESSES:

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MARINE TURBINE.

To all wii um it may concern:

Be it"known that I, HERBERT T. HERB, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State oi Pennsylvania, have made a new and useful Invention in Marine Turbines, of which the following is a specification. I

This invention relates to elastic fluid turbines and has for an object toproducea new and improved reversing turbine. a A further object is to produce a reversing turbine in which improved means are employed for delivering motive fluid to the turbine and for separating the ahead andthe reversing portions of the turbine.

A-et'urther object is to provide a reversing turbine in which improved means are employed for balancing the ahead and the reverse portions of the turbine.

- These and other objects I attain by means of apparatus embodying features herein described, and illustrated in the drawings accompanying this application and -forming a part thereof.

In the drawings 1 have shown a longitudinal, fragmental, section of a turbine embodying my invention.

The turbine illustrated as an embodiment of my invention includes an ahead portion and a reversing portion, both of which are inclosed within a cylinder or casing 3 which, in accordance with the usual practice employed in turbine building, is divided on the horizontal plane passing through the axis of the turbine shaft. The ahead portion of the turbine is divided into a primary section or stage 4 and 'a secondary section or stage 5.

The prim, .ry stage is illustrated as apurely impulse sings and the secondary stage is an impulse and reaction, or a so called Parsons stage. The motive fluid, after traversing the ahead portion of the turbine, is disformed in the turbine'casing and which, if

charged into an exhaust passage (i which is desired,niay communicate with condenser.

The. reversing portion of the turbine is illustrated as a purely-impulse section 7 and the motive fluid discharged from this section is delivered to an exhaust passage'fi formed in the casing and which preferabYj communiea'tes with the same exhaust or condenser as the passage 6. It will be understood that Specification of Letters latent. Pmtenmgfl M 3Q 119115 Application filed July 23, 1910. Serial 1N0. ave r02.

the ahead portion, be provided with any number of stages of various types.

The blades 90f the primary stage 4: are mounted on a rotor element or wheel 10 and are located in two annular rows. The wheel 10 is mounted on the shaft 11 of the turbine which projects through each end of the cas-v ing 3 and is journaled in suitable bearings located exterior to the casing. The blades 12 of the reversing section are mounted in two rows on a rotor element or wheel 13 which is mounted on the shaft adjacent to the wheel 10.

Motive fluid is delivered to the ahead and and these ports may in turn communicate with a source of fluid supply through suitable piping (not shown). -All the delivery passages 14 of the ahead portion may be located in the section 16 or they may be located in both the sections 16 and 1-7 and be so spaced as to deliver motive fluid at intervals around the entire circumference of the wheel 10. If the former arrangement is employed, the fluid delivery passages 15 for the reversing portion will be located'in the section 17; whereas if the latter arrangement is employed, the passages 15 will be formed in both sections and be located between the passages 14. The passages 14: and 15 may be arranged in still another way; they may be located back to back and adjacent to each other and distributed around the circumference of the ahead and reversturbine. The motive fluid delivered by the passages 14: is first partially expanded to a determined pressure-by expansion nozzles 18.

ring section. The motive fluid is-delivered by-the nozzles 18 to the first row of blades Each nozzle 18 may be formed in a. nozzle section which may be secured to the 9 oftheprimary stage and from those blades it is delivered to a row of stationary directingvanes 19, which arepreierably mounted on are shaped base-pieces 20 in any suitable manner. Each base-piece includes several vanes and is mounted on the ring section adjacent to one of the delivery nozzles. The arrangement of the expanding nozzles and 'thestationary vanes of the reversing section 7 of the turbine is similar to that just described, except that the motive fluid is delivered in an ppposite axial direction. The nozzles 18 of the ahead portion do not fully expand the motive fluid, and the fluid discharged from the last. row of blades 9 of the primary stage is delivered to the secondary or Parsons stage 5. The blades of this stage are preferably mounted on a cylindrical drum 21 which is mounted on the shaft ll of the turbine. The stationary vanes of this stage are mounted, in any suitable manner, on a cylindrical portion of the casing located adjacent to the drum 21 and formed to receive them. The motive fluid delivered to the reversing section 7 of the turbine is preferably expanded to exhaust pressure in the expansion nozzles of thi's section, and the blades 12 are so proportioned and constructed that all the available bis-viva of the fluid is abstracted by them. With this arrangemerit, the reversing section of the turblne does not produce a longitudinal thrust on the rotor element. The primary stage 4 of the ahead portion of the turbine is also a balanced stage and does not produce a thrust on the rotor element. The secondary stage of the ahead "portion is exposed on one side to Working fluid pressure and on the other to exhaust pressure and therefore occasions a longitudinal thrust on the rotor element which I counterbalance by means of a dummy piston 22 located on the rotor element between the ahead and the reversing portions of the turbine and exposed on one side to the fluid pressure in the ahead portion and on the other side to the fluid pressure on thereversing portion. A'fluid seal 23 is provided between the peripheral face of the wheel '22 and the inner peripheral faces of the flanges formed on semi-annular diaphragms or partitions 24: and 25. With this arrangement, communication is shut off between the ahead and the reversing portions of the turbine and the reversing portion is exposed to exhaust or condenser pressure While the ahead portion is receiving motive fluid, and vice versa, the ahead portion is exposed to exhaust or condenser pressure while the reversing portion is receiving motive fluid. By properly proportioning the diameter of the piston 22 I am able to counterbalance the turbine rotor in either direction and for all loads even though 1 provide the reversing portion with a reaction stage or section similar to the stage masses 'since the nozzles 18 of the reversing portion expand the motive fluid to exhaust pressure, the piston 29. is exposed on both sides to the same pressure and consequently occasions no thrust on the rotor clement. l

The wheel 22 is mounted on the shaft 11 between the Wheels 10 and 13 and is bi-laterally symmetrical so that it will not tend to Warp or distort under the influence of centrifugal strains. The partition members may be mounted on or even formed integrally with the semi-annular sections 16 and 17 of the ring section and are so arranged that their contacting edges are located in the dividing plane of the casing- 4. With this arrangement, one of the partitions .24 will be removed with the upperportion of the casingand its adjustment, relative to the casing, will not be disturbed by the removal.

The shaft 11. is provided near one end so mounted on the shaft that a lateral face of its hub portion contacts with the Wheel 13. The wheel 10 of the primary stage of the ahead portion is mounted on the shaft 11 in such a position that it contacts with the other lateral face oi the hub of the- Wheel 22, and the drum 21 is provided with a longitudinally extended hub which contacts with the wheel 10. The rotor elements are all looked against longitudinal motion along the shaft by the collar 28 which is preferably formed of two concentric rings, the inner of which is cut into segments and is located in a slot provided in the turbine shaft. The outer ring is shrunk onto the segments of the inner ring after they are in place in the slot. The separate rotor elements may also be keyed or in any suitable manner secured to the shaft.

Any suitable means for packing the joints between the shait 11 and the casing may be employed.

It. will be apparent that the turbine described and illustrated is particularly adapt ed for marine propulsion, and that the shaft 11 may be directly connected to the shaft of propeller.

Havingnow described my invention, What I claim is:

i. In a reversing turbine, an ahead portion, a reversing portion, a ring section located between said portions and. provided with oppositely discharging fluid delivery masses passages, a dummy piston mounted on the shaft of the turbine, and a fluid seal located between said piston and said ring section.

2. Ina reversing turbine, an ahead por tion, a reversing portion, a ring section located between said portions and provided with oppositely discharging delivery pasbetween said portions, and a ring section co operating with said duin'iny piston to provide a fluid seal and pro ided with oppositely discharging passa ges. for delivering motive fluid to each portion.v

5. In a turbine, an ahead portion including an impulse stage andan impulse'and reaction stage, a reversing elation-including an impulse section, and a ummy piston located between the portions.

6. In a reversing turbine, an ahead portion including an impulse stage, a reversing portion including an impulse stage located 1 adjacent to the impulse stage of the ahead portion, a dummy piston, and a fluid seal located between said portions.

7. In a reversing turbine in combination with the turbine shaft, an impulse wheel for the'ahead portion mounted on the tur bine shaft, an impulse wheel for the reversing portion mounted on the turbine shaft, and a dummy piston mounted on said shaft between said impulse wheels.

8. In a reversing turbine, an ahead portion, a reversing portion, a ring section provided with oppositely discharging fluid delivery passages located between said portions, and base pieces for stationary vanes mounted on both sides of said ring section.

9. In a turbine, a rotor element, COIHPXIII ing a drum on which blades are mounted, a balance piston for said drum, an impulse stage located on one side of said drum, delivering motive fluid to the blades on the drum, and an independent stage located on the other side of the piston.

10. In a reversing turbine, 'a rotor element comprising a shaft, a blade carrying piston' mounted on the shaft, an impulse wheel mounted on the shaft adjacent to said piston, a balance piston for the blade carrying piston mounted on the shaft adjacent to the impulse wheel, and an impulse wheel for the reversing stage of the turbine mountied on the shaft adjacent to the balance pis- 11. In combination in a turbine, an ahead and a reversing stage, a nozzle ring located between said stages and provided with fluid delivery passages for delivering motive fluid to each stage, a balance piston located between and separating said stages one from the other, and a fluid seal located between said piston and said ring.

12. In combination in a turbine, an ahead 1 and a reversing stage, a balance piston for one of said stages located between and separating said stages, said piston being exposed to the pressure within each stage.

13. In a turbine, a reaction stage, an im pulse stage delivering motive fluid to said reaction stage, a reversing stage, and a ba1- ance piston between said impulse stage and said reversing stage, said iston separating said reversing stage from t e first mentione stages.

14:. A turbine rotor, comprising a drum equipped with blades for .occasioning a longitudinal thrust on the rotor, a balance pis-- ton for said blades, and impulse wheels located on opposite sides of said balance piston.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 21st day of July, 1910.

HERBERT T. HERE. Witnesses:

(J. W. MCGHEE, J NO. S. GREEN. 

